OrangerV1, France, Analysis, bibRecord, 000131

Optimal vein density in artificial and real leaves

Identifieur interne : 000131 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000130; suivant : 000132

Optimal vein density in artificial and real leaves

Auteurs : X. Noblin [France] ; L. Mahadevan ; I. A. Coomaraswamy ; D. A. Weitz ; N. M. Holbrook ; M. A. Zwieniecki [États-Unis]

Source :

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [ 0027-8424 ] ; 2008.

RBID : PMC:2453744

Abstract

The long evolution of vascular plants has resulted in a tremendous variety of natural networks responsible for the evaporatively driven transport of water. Nevertheless, little is known about the physical principles that constrain vascular architecture. Inspired by plant leaves, we used microfluidic devices consisting of simple parallel channel networks in a polymeric material layer, permeable to water, to study the mechanisms of and the limits to evaporation-driven flow. We show that the flow rate through our biomimetic leaves increases linearly with channel density (1/d) until the distance between channels (d) is comparable with the thickness of the polymer layer (δ), above which the flow rate saturates. A comparison with the plant vascular networks shows that the same optimization criterion can be used to describe the placement of veins in leaves. These scaling relations for evaporatively driven flow through simple networks reveal basic design principles for the engineering of evaporation–permeation-driven devices, and highlight the role of physical constraints on the biological design of leaves.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2453744

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0709194105
PubMed: 18599446
PubMed Central: 2453744

Affiliations:

Links to Exploration step

PMC:2453744

Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The long evolution of vascular plants has resulted in a tremendous variety of natural networks responsible for the evaporatively driven transport of water. Nevertheless, little is known about the physical principles that constrain vascular architecture. Inspired by plant leaves, we used microfluidic devices consisting of simple parallel channel networks in a polymeric material layer, permeable to water, to study the mechanisms of and the limits to evaporation-driven flow. We show that the flow rate through our biomimetic leaves increases linearly with channel density (1/<italic>d</italic>
) until the distance between channels (<italic>d</italic>
) is comparable with the thickness of the polymer layer (δ), above which the flow rate saturates. A comparison with the plant vascular networks shows that the same optimization criterion can be used to describe the placement of veins in leaves. These scaling relations for evaporatively driven flow through simple networks reveal basic design principles for the engineering of evaporation–permeation-driven devices, and highlight the role of physical constraints on the biological design of leaves.</p>
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Optimal vein density in artificial and real leaves

Optimal vein density in artificial and real leaves

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Abstract

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